Computers use this numbering
system for doing its computations. As explained above, it has its own
advantages. The computer follows three steps to complete and arithmetic
operation:
- It converts the numeric data input to its corresponding binary equivalent.
- Performs the desired arithmetic operation in binary.
- Converts the result back to its corresponding decimal equivalent and outputs the result.
When compared with decimal
numbering system, the binary numbering system different in the number of digits
used for a numeric value representation. The decimal system uses then digits,
namely 0 to 9, whereas the binary system uses only tow digits, 0 and 1. Table below
gives the decimal digits and is equivalent binary.
Decimal Number
|
Binary Equivalent
|
Decimal Number
|
Binary Equivalent
|
0
1
2
3
4
|
0000
0001
0010
0011
0100
|
5
6
7
8
9
|
0101
0110
0111
1000
1001
|
Table 1.1: Binary equivalent of
decimal numbers
In table 1.1, we have seen the
binary equivalent of decimal numbers. Now the question that arises is how to convert
a decimal number into its binary equivalent and vice versa? To make it more
general, how to convert a number in a particular base to its equivalent in
another base? There are conversion techniques available to accomplish this task.
They are explain in conversion Techniques
When dealing with binary numbers,
two more terms need to be understood. These are MSB (Most Significant Bit) and
LSB (Least Significant Bit). These two bits play a very important role in many
other aspects of computing, such as address calculation and bus optimization. So
how do we define MSB and LSB? MSB can be defined as the digit that occurs at
the left most position in a binary number. Similarly, LSB can be defined as the
digit that occurs at the rightmost position in a binary number. The figure
below shows the MSB and LSB in a binary number
1
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
MSB LSB
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